Shibbir Ahmed, New York — The United Nations is warning of serious humanitarian and health risks in Gaza as winter approaches, with millions of Palestinians facing inadequate shelter, shortages of essential medical supplies and the growing threat of flooding. The UN World Health Organization (WHO) said on October 2 that repeated delays in bringing lifesaving medicines, prosthetics and other medical supplies into Gaza are putting people in urgent need of care at risk. WHO said almost 2 million people need shelter to protect them from cold weather and flooding, while humanitarian organizations continue to face difficulties bringing winterization and shelter supplies into the territory.

According to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), funding shortages and restrictions are severely limiting preparations for the rainy season. A recent OCHA assessment identified 451 displacement sites at high risk of flooding, hosting an estimated 464,402 people. WHO’s representative for the Occupied Palestinian Territory said that, as of October 2, no hospital in Gaza was fully functional, citing chronic shortages of medicines and medical supplies. WHO said large quantities of medical supplies have been waiting for clearance for a median of 74 days, creating significant delays in delivering healthcare assistance.

The UN has called for the unimpeded and predictable entry of humanitarian and health supplies at scale, as well as a system allowing aid to enter through multiple crossings. WHO officials also called for clearer procedures for the approval of humanitarian shipments to reduce delays and rejected consignments. The winter preparations come as Gaza continues to face severe infrastructure and humanitarian challenges. An OCHA report published in September said shortages of cancer medicines, chemotherapy and radiotherapy supplies, dialysis materials, insulin and other essential items were disrupting lifesaving health services.

The UN has also warned that damaged infrastructure and overcrowded displacement sites are increasing the risks associated with heavy rain and flooding. Earlier OCHA reporting said humanitarian efforts to prepare for winter were being constrained by funding shortages, restrictions on supplies entering Gaza and shortages of fuel, engine oil, spare parts and heavy machinery.

A UN report issued in September similarly called for urgent action to restore essential services in Gaza, including electricity, water, sanitation, waste management and healthcare. It described winterization as an urgent priority because shelter needs remain extensive while essential supplies and services remain severely constrained.

The UN’s latest warnings underscore the scale of the challenge facing humanitarian agencies as winter approaches, particularly for displaced families living in damaged buildings, tents and other inadequate shelters.

Shibbir Ahmed, New York — Some 5.8 million refugee children — nearly half of all school-aged refugee children worldwide — were out of school in 2025, the United Nations refugee agency UNHCR said Friday, warning that funding cuts could threaten hard-won progress in refugee education. According to UNHCR’s latest education report, an estimated 13.1 million refugee children of school age were living around the world in 2025. Of those, 44 percent were not enrolled in school.

The agency said the growing pressure on humanitarian and development funding risks reversing progress made in recent years and could leave more refugee children without access to education. The challenge becomes particularly severe as refugee children move from primary to secondary education. UNHCR said access to education declines significantly at the secondary level, with poverty, protection concerns and other barriers affecting children and adolescents, particularly girls.

Despite the overall challenges, UNHCR reported some progress in higher education. Refugee enrolment in tertiary education reached a record 11 percent in 2025, up from 9 percent in 2024, with more than 450,000 refugees enrolled in higher education.

UNHCR said the progress remains uneven. In low-income and conflict-affected countries, only about 2 percent of refugees were enrolled in higher education, compared with 13 percent of nationals, according to the agency’s report. The agency is calling on governments, international organisations and development partners to protect funding for refugee education and strengthen national education systems in countries hosting refugees.

UNHCR High Commissioner Barham Salih said education provides refugees with opportunities for greater self-reliance and warned that funding reductions could undermine years of investment. The report was highlighted during the UN Geneva press briefing on October 2, where UNHCR presented its latest findings on refugee education.

The report comes as humanitarian agencies face increasing financial pressure and competing global crises. UNHCR has warned that reductions in humanitarian funding are already affecting assistance and protection services for forcibly displaced people.

Shibbir Ahmed, New York — Global food prices rose to their highest level in nearly four years in September, driven by transportation disruptions, adverse weather conditions and higher prices for several major food commodities, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) said Friday. The FAO Food Price Index averaged 136.0 points in September, up 1.5 percent from August and 5.8 percent from a year earlier. The September reading was the highest since November 2022, according to FAO data.

FAO said disruptions affecting shipping through the Black Sea and Strait of Hormuz, combined with weather-related concerns, have put additional pressure on energy, transportation and agricultural commodity markets.

“We are seeing a persistent and increasingly broad based build up in global commodity prices,” FAO Chief Economist Maximo Torero said, citing shipping disruptions and climate-related shocks. He warned that if the pressures continue, they could eventually feed through to consumer food prices, particularly in countries dependent on imported food and energy.

Cereal prices rise sharply

The FAO Cereal Price Index increased 5.1 percent from August and was 17.2 percent higher than in September 2025. Global wheat prices rose 6.3 percent during September, reaching their highest level since August 2023. FAO attributed the increase partly to logistical constraints in the Black Sea region and dry weather in parts of North America ahead of winter wheat planting. Global maize prices climbed 5.6 percent from August, reflecting lower-than-expected U.S. yields, reduced export availability in Brazil and continued disruptions to Black Sea trade.

Sugar prices jump

Sugar was another major contributor to the September increase. The FAO Sugar Price Index rose 6.1 percent from August amid expectations of tighter global supplies during the 2026/27 season. FAO cited weaker production prospects in Thailand, below-normal rainfall in India, strengthening El Niño conditions, heavy rainfall in Brazil’s Centre-South region and reduced sugar-beet planting in the European Union.

Vegetable oil prices also increased, with the FAO Vegetable Oil Price Index rising 0.9 percent, mainly because of stronger palm oil prices and concerns about dry weather affecting production in Southeast Asia. Not all food commodities increased. The FAO Meat Price Index declined 1.1 percent, while the dairy index fell slightly by 0.1 percent.

Global cereal outlook

FAO forecasts global cereal production in 2026 at 2.979 billion tonnes, down 2.1 percent from 2025 but still the second-largest harvest on record. The agency also lowered its forecast for global cereal trade in 2026/27 by 3.5 percent from the previous year’s record level, citing constraints on wheat and maize exports, particularly because of Black Sea shipping disruptions.

FAO said strengthening El Niño conditions are adding further uncertainty to agricultural production, particularly rice production in South and Southeast Asia. The latest figures underscore the sensitivity of global food markets to weather conditions, shipping disruptions and geopolitical developments affecting major agricultural trade routes.

Shibbir Ahmed, New York — The United Nations has called on the United States to take further steps to address the long-term health, environmental and human rights consequences of its nuclear weapons testing program in the Marshall Islands. A report presented to the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva on Thursday said Washington should provide additional healthcare support to people affected by the tests and release classified records related to the nuclear testing program. The report said the consequences of the tests continue to affect Marshallese communities decades after the testing ended.

The United States conducted 67 nuclear weapons tests in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958. One of the most powerful tests, known as Castle Bravo, was carried out at Bikini Atoll in 1954.

According to the UN human rights office, the human cost of the testing program has been severe and long-lasting. The report pointed to continuing health problems, displacement from contaminated areas and social stigma faced by people exposed to radiation.

UN Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights Awa Dabo told the Human Rights Council that the consequences of the nuclear testing program remain a continuing issue for the Marshallese people.

The UN report called for effective remedies, including healthcare and access to information concerning the nuclear legacy. Marshall Islands representatives have also urged the international community to help address unresolved claims and the continuing effects of nuclear contamination.

The Marshall Islands has repeatedly raised concerns over the long-term consequences of the U.S. testing program, including damage to communities, traditional lands and public health. A previous UN human rights report also documented barriers to the full realization of the rights of people affected by the nuclear legacy.

Washington, however, has previously maintained that it has fulfilled its responsibilities under agreements with the Marshall Islands. The U.S. government has said the 1986 Compact of Free Association and related agreements constituted a full settlement of claims arising from the nuclear testing program. It has also said that more than $600 million has been provided to affected communities and that various health, environmental and other assistance programs remain in place.

The latest UN call comes as the Marshall Islands continues to seek greater international attention to the health, environmental and human rights consequences of the nuclear tests. The dispute over how much remains to be done reflects a longstanding difference between Washington’s position that its obligations have been addressed and calls from Marshallese representatives and UN human rights officials for additional measures.

Shibbir Ahmed, New York — U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio ordered Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi and his delegation to leave New York earlier than scheduled, according to two U.S. officials familiar with the matter, adding a new dimension to ongoing diplomatic tensions between Washington and Tehran. Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian left New York last week after delivering his address to the United Nations General Assembly. Araghchi, however, remained in the city as efforts continued toward indirect discussions with the United States on reopening the Strait of Hormuz, ending the ongoing conflict and restarting negotiations over Iran’s nuclear program.

According to U.S. officials, weekend meetings involving Iranian and Qatari mediators produced little progress. Rubio subsequently instructed the Iranian delegation on Monday to leave New York immediately. One U.S. official said the delegation had remained in the country after the high-level UN meetings had ended and was no longer expected to stay. Araghchi and members of his delegation left New York early Tuesday and were expected to travel back to Iran via Doha, Qatar.

Iran, however, rejected the U.S. account. Iran’s permanent mission to the United Nations said the delegation had not been ordered to leave or expelled from the United States. The mission said its departure schedule had been arranged in advance and had been communicated to the U.S. State Department on September 17.

The Iranian mission also accused Washington of spreading what it described as “baseless” reports following the lack of progress in the negotiations. The conflicting accounts have highlighted the differences between Washington and Tehran over the circumstances surrounding the delegation’s departure.

Indirect discussions between the United States and Iran have continued with Qatar playing a mediating role. Key issues remain unresolved, including the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, sanctions, frozen Iranian assets, the ongoing conflict and Iran’s nuclear program.

The departure of the Iranian delegation comes as diplomatic contacts between Washington and Tehran continue, but the two sides have yet to reach an agreement aimed at resolving the broader conflict and their longstanding disputes.

Shibbir Ahmed, New York — United Nations General Assembly President Dr. Khalilur Rahman called for urgent action to reduce nuclear risks and eliminate nuclear weapons, declaring that nuclear disarmament must remain the world’s highest disarmament priority. Speaking Tuesday at a high-level plenary meeting at UN Headquarters in New York to commemorate the International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons, Rahman warned that the global nuclear threat remains serious and is being compounded by growing geopolitical tensions and emerging technologies.

“The starting point must be a simple truth, reaffirmed in the Pact for the Future: a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought,” Rahman said.

He noted that the global nuclear inventory stood at more than 12,000 warheads as of January 2026, with an estimated 2,100 to 2,200 maintained on high operational alert. He also warned that, for the first time since the end of the Cold War, the global stockpile is expected to grow again as new warheads enter arsenals faster than older ones are dismantled.

Growing nuclear risks

Rahman said new technologies, including artificial intelligence, cyber capabilities and advanced delivery systems, are creating additional uncertainty around nuclear command, control and decision-making. He also pointed to the expiration of the New START treaty on February 5, 2026, saying that, for the first time since 1972, there are no binding limits on strategic nuclear arsenals.

The 2026 Review Conference of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty also ended without a consensus outcome, marking the third consecutive Review Conference to do so, according to Rahman.

“These are not abstract diplomatic setbacks,” Rahman said. “They increase the risks of arms racing, escalation, and catastrophic miscalculation.”

Four areas for action

Rahman called for action on four fronts: restoring dialogue and safeguards, strengthening the international nuclear non-proliferation system, reducing and ultimately eliminating nuclear arsenals, and mobilizing the public around nuclear disarmament. He urged nuclear powers to return to negotiations and establish frameworks that provide verifiable limits, transparency and predictability. He also called for stronger crisis communication and measures to reduce nuclear risks.

The General Assembly president reaffirmed the importance of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and the role of the International Atomic Energy Agency in safeguards and verification. He also called on states that have not signed or ratified the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty to do so and urged all countries to maintain the moratorium on nuclear weapons testing.

‘Highest disarmament priority’

Rahman said nuclear-weapon states should take concrete, transparent, verifiable and irreversible steps toward disarmament, including reducing the role of nuclear weapons in security doctrines and lowering their operational readiness.

He also highlighted the role of survivors, civil society, young people, scientists and educators in keeping the human consequences of nuclear weapons at the center of international discussions. Despite the continuing risks, Rahman pointed to progress in nuclear disarmament, noting that the global inventory has fallen from roughly 70,000 warheads in 1986 to about 12,000 today.

“If the United Nations is to get back to basics – to prevent the scourge of war – then nuclear disarmament must remain our highest disarmament priority, just as it was at the birth of this Organization,” Rahman said. He urged governments to restore safeguards, reduce nuclear risks and work toward a world free of nuclear weapons.

Shibbir Ahmed, New York — The United Nations has strongly condemned an airstrike in Myanmar’s Rakhine State that reportedly killed at least 50 people at a busy market and urged authorities to halt the deportation of Myanmar nationals from Malaysia. According to the UN, forces from Myanmar’s military junta reportedly struck Kyauktaw township around midday Monday, when more than 200 shops were operating. Women and children were among those killed, while at least 58 people were injured, many critically. The death toll is expected to rise.

UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said the attack raised serious concerns over respect for international humanitarian law. He also highlighted continuing abuses against the Rohingya by both Myanmar’s military and the Arakan Army.

UN urges Malaysia to halt deportations

The airstrike came as Malaysia began implementing a plan to deport some 5,000 Myanmar nationals. Malaysia has said the returns would be voluntary, following an agreement reportedly reached with Myanmar’s military rulers. The UN refugee agency, UNHCR, said it had not been involved in identifying those being returned and noted that some of the people were reportedly being held in detention centers.

Mr. Türk called on Malaysia to immediately halt the deportation process, warning that conditions in Myanmar remain “far from safe and sustainable.” UN Secretary-General António Guterres also called for a halt to the reported return of around 1,500 people. UNHCR stressed that no one should be returned to a place where they face a risk of persecution or torture.

UN releases emergency funds for drought-hit Africa

Meanwhile, UN relief chief Tom Fletcher has released millions of dollars from the Central Emergency Response Fund to prepare for the worsening effects of El Niño-driven drought in South Sudan, Zimbabwe and Chad. South Sudan will receive $6 million for early action, including food, health, nutrition, protection, water and sanitation services. More than 10 million people in the country already need humanitarian assistance.

Zimbabwe will receive $4 million for anticipatory measures, while $3.6 million will support 350,000 people in Chad ahead of worsening dry conditions. The funding will also support early warning systems, cash assistance, livestock feed, malnutrition services and disease surveillance.

Israeli fire reported near UN sites in Gaza

In Gaza, the UN humanitarian office, OCHA, said Israeli fire had been reported near UN facilities and humanitarian convoys on several occasions in recent days. No casualties were reported, but the UN stressed that civilians, aid workers and humanitarian operations must be protected. Humanitarian operations have continued, with protection partners providing mental-health support and other services to about 13,000 Palestinians during the third week of September.

Aid agencies also distributed food parcels, adult diapers, assistive devices and hygiene supplies to displaced families. UNRWA said 1,394 Palestinians had been killed since the faltering October 2025 ceasefire, citing local health authorities, while about 94 percent of the population requires shelter assistance.

Settler attacks continue in West Bank

OCHA also reported continuing settler attacks in the occupied West Bank. Several houses were damaged in Jalud, in the Nablus governorate, while a water network serving Palestinians in Tubas was vandalized and vehicles carrying water and produce were seized. OCHA said it has recorded more than 1,600 settler attacks so far this year—an average of 6.7 attacks a day, compared with five a day in 2025. More than 4,300 Palestinians have been displaced.

Shibbir Ahmed, New York: The world remains far from fulfilling the commitments made 25 years ago to end racial discrimination, Bangladesh’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Ambassador Irene Khan, said Monday. Khan made the remarks at a high-level event at the United Nations marking the 25th anniversary of the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action (DDPA).

The ambassador said the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action adopted 25 years ago made a clear commitment that no person should face discrimination on the basis of race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin. However, she said the world remains far from fully implementing that commitment.

Khan reaffirmed Bangladesh’s strong commitment to the full and effective implementation of the DDPA. She called for greater efforts in justice, education, development and international cooperation to address structural discrimination rooted in slavery, colonialism and other historical injustices. She also stressed the need to strengthen protection of the rights of migrants, refugees, forcibly displaced people, minorities, women, children and others in vulnerable situations.

Addressing the issue of artificial intelligence, Khan said emerging technologies should be used to advance sustainable development rather than spread hatred and incitement to violence. She also stressed the need to ensure that human rights, equality and non-discrimination are protected in the development of artificial intelligence.

“Bangladesh is committed to building a world where the diversity and dignity of all people are upheld, both online and offline,” Khan said.

NEW YORK: Bangladesh Foreign Minister Dr. Khalilur Rahman is carrying out his responsibilities in New York as President of the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly, with questions emerging over the reported cost of his accommodation, daily allowances, transportation and other expenses during his assignment.

A Sept. 26 report by journalist Chandan Nandy in Northeast News said Bangladesh’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs had approved a monthly housing budget of up to $20,000 for Rahman’s residence in Manhattan. The report said the ministry had arranged accommodation for him during his assignment in New York. It also cited a monthly official housing allowance of $12,000 for Bangladesh’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York.

According to the report, a Bangladesh Foreign Ministry order dated Aug. 30, 2026, covered Rahman’s assignment from Aug. 31 through Oct. 21. The report said the government order also provided for a Mercedes-Benz vehicle for his official local transportation in New York.

The same report said Rahman, as a full Cabinet minister of Bangladesh, is entitled to a daily allowance of $420 while on official foreign duty. Based on that rate, the report calculated that an eight-month period of official duties would result in approximately $100,800 in daily allowances.

That eight-month figure is a calculation based on the reported $420 daily rate and should not be treated as a confirmed final government payment. The exact amount ultimately paid would depend on the applicable government rules, the actual number of eligible days and the official accounting records.

The United Nations separately states that the President of the General Assembly is not a UN employee and does not receive a UN salary. The UN’s guidance says the salary of the PGA is generally a matter for the government of the country that nominates the President. It also states that accommodation in New York is usually provided by the Permanent Mission of the sponsoring country.

Rahman was elected President of the 81st General Assembly on June 2, 2026. UN records show that he subsequently assumed the presidency when the 81st session opened in September. The UN election record shows that Rahman received 99 votes against 91 for Cyprus’s Andreas Kakouris.

The reported expenses therefore need to be distinguished from the operating costs of the Office of the President of the General Assembly. The two are not necessarily the same source of expenditure.

The Office of the President of the General Assembly has funding from the UN regular budget as well as a trust fund supported by Member States. The office uses those resources for activities connected to the presidency, including certain official travel and operational requirements.

Bangladesh has also pledged funds to the trust fund supporting the Office of the President of the General Assembly. However, such contributions should not automatically be interpreted as payments for Rahman’s personal salary, accommodation or daily allowance. The funding categories of the office and the personal entitlements of the PGA are separate matters.

UN guidance also indicates that travel costs for the President of the General Assembly can, depending on the circumstances, be supported either by the host country or by the regular budget of the Office of the President of the General Assembly.

The composition of Rahman’s office also involves several Bangladeshi officials. The UN’s staff profile for the 81st session lists 40 colleagues representing 29 nationalities. It distinguishes between regular-budget positions, staff seconded by Member States and positions supported through the Office of the President’s Trust Fund.

The Northeast News report said Rahman is supported in New York by six Bangladeshi officials, five of whom were drawn from Bangladesh’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It said their salaries and overseas allowances remain linked to their respective government positions. Those details are based on the report and would require the underlying government records for independent verification.

The reported $20,000 monthly accommodation figure, $420 daily allowance and Mercedes-Benz vehicle therefore relate to Bangladesh’s reported arrangements for its Foreign Minister during his New York assignment. They should not be described as benefits paid by the United Nations unless separate UN records establish such payments.

The broader financial picture involves several different categories of expenditure. Rahman remains a Bangladeshi government minister whose salary is paid by Bangladesh, while his responsibilities as General Assembly President are supported through a combination of UN and Member State resources under the applicable rules.

At present, the most detailed public figures concerning Rahman’s accommodation, daily allowance and vehicle come from the Sept. 26 report by Chandan Nandy. The underlying Bangladesh Foreign Ministry order and complete financial records would provide a stronger basis for independently confirming the exact amounts and determining which government budget lines were used.

What is established by the UN is that Khalilur Rahman is President of the 81st General Assembly and is not a UN employee receiving a UN salary. The specific figures concerning his New York accommodation, daily allowance and vehicle remain matters that can be further verified against the underlying Bangladesh government documents.

NEW YORK: Barrister Zaima Rahman is serving as a Legal Officer in the Office of the President of the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly, according to the UN’s official staff records. The UN Office of the President of the General Assembly lists Rahman as a P-3 Legal Officer from Bangladesh working in the Executive Office. Her position is among eight posts funded through the UN regular budget. The staff profile, updated as of Sept. 25, lists 40 colleagues in the President’s Office, representing 29 nationalities.

The UN’s team page describes Rahman as a barrister and legal and policy professional with experience in the United Kingdom and Bangladesh. According to Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS), Rahman is the daughter of Bangladesh Prime Minister Tarique Rahman. BSS reported that the Prime Minister’s Assistant Press Secretary, KM Nazmul Haque, said the existing UN rules and appointment process were strictly followed in her case.

Rahman studied law and politics at Queen Mary University of London and qualified as a barrister in England and Wales through the Honourable Society of the Inner Temple. Her professional background includes legal and policy work in both the United Kingdom and Bangladesh, according to her official UN biography.

Publicly available professional information also shows that Rahman has worked in several legal roles in the United Kingdom, including positions involving legal assistance and court advocacy. Some of those roles overlapped during 2021 and 2022. Such employment history, by itself, does not establish whether a candidate was qualified or unqualified for a subsequent UN position.

Rahman’s appointment has attracted attention partly because the President of the 81st General Assembly is Bangladesh’s Foreign Minister, Dr. Khalilur Rahman. The UN elected him to the presidency on June 2, 2026, and the 81st session opened on Sept. 8. The Office of the President currently includes six Bangladeshi officials, according to BSS. The UN staff profile identifies several of them, including Deputy Chef de Cabinet Md. Abdul Alim and Senior Adviser Mafizul Islam, alongside Rahman.

The UN’s publicly available staff information provides details about Rahman’s position, grade and funding source, but does not set out the individual selection process that led to her appointment. It does not identify who nominated her or who made the final hiring decision.

That distinction is important because the UN staff profile separates regular-budget positions from officials seconded by Member States and positions supported by the Office of the President’s Trust Fund. Rahman is listed among the regular-budget positions rather than among the 20 officials seconded by Member States.

At present, the public UN record confirms Rahman’s appointment and her role as a P-3 Legal Officer. It does not, however, provide evidence that Bangladesh’s Foreign Minister Khalilur Rahman personally arranged or secured her appointment. Further information about the recruitment process, including any relevant vacancy announcement, selection documentation or official explanation from the United Nations, would be needed to establish how the appointment was made.

For now, the documented facts are that Zaima Rahman serves as a Legal Officer in the Executive Office of the President of the 81st General Assembly, her position is funded through the UN regular budget, and the UN publicly identifies her as a Bangladeshi legal and policy professional.